Mind Styles examined in American Psycho

Desires and fears seem so different, yet are at the root of each other. If you say, â€Å"l want to be loved,† it's the same thing as saying â€Å"I'm afraid I won't be loved. † Bronte's Wuthering Heights and Ford Madox Ford's The Good Soldier manage to show how similar desire and fear truly are. Wuthering Heights is saturated with desire and fear and the two play off of one another in a way that makes them so homogeneous. Similarly, The Good Soldier draws on the desires of many of the characters and in turn the fears, which encapsulate them.Both Bronte and Ford engage with these deas through the use of character, theme, and in a more generic way narration. Desire is linked most commonly with the romance novel, which is what The Good Soldier and Wuthering heights partially allude to. Many scholars classify Wuthering Heights as a gothic novel, even though the story centers around romance and relationships.. Wuthering Heights engages with the concept of desire from its op ening pages. Bronte uses Lockwood's desire for sociability or what could be looked upon as companionship, as an early device for a theme that is continued throughout the novel.The opening lines show Lockwood's opinion of Heathcliff: .. Mr Heathcliff and I are such a suitable pair to divide the desolation between us. A capital fellow! He little imagined how my heart warmed towards him when I beheld his black eyes withdraw so suspiciously under their brows, as I rode up, and when his fingers sheltered themselves, with Jealous resolution, still further in his waistcoat, as I announced my name. (Bronte, 1847,2000:1) The opening lines of the novel show Lockwood relating his first visit to Wuthering Heights, and his initial meeting with Heathcliff. This extract shows the reader how much Lockwood yearns for companionship.The phrase suitable pair suggests that he and Heathcliff are quite similar. However we the reader know that this is far from the case. Heathcliffs abrupt and dismissive ma nner would be enough to deter any individual for want of his company, but this does not seem to perturb Lockwood. Lockwood continues to pay reverence towards Heathcliff coining him as ‘a capital fellow. Taken in its context this phrase suggests that Heathcliff is a first rate person. We can see that in this lonely secluded moor Lockwood seems to overlook Heathcliffs abhorrent nature in favour of his comradery.If we take the less obvious meaning of ‘capital' we can see that this word applied to Heathcliff is appropriate in the sense of someone who has the desire to acquire capital and Heathcliff is Just that, someone who wants to have money and land. Desires in The Good Soldier are similarly expressed through relationships. At the beginning of Dowell's narration he states: If for nine years I have possessed a goodly apple that is rotten at the core and discover its rottenness only in nine years and six months less four days, isn't it true to say that for nine years I poss essed a goodly apple?Ford, 191 5,2010:29) This quote encapsulates everything that is tlawed witn Dowell Narrating the story in retrospect Dowell is aware of all events that have passed, even if it is only through what he has been told from Edward and Leonora. The fact that Dowell compares the couple's relationship to an apple gives one the impression that it is something that will not last for very long. The shiny nature of an apple is the couples' fapde that Dowell does not wish to destroy.Even after learning of Edward's relationship with Florence he still thinks of him as the English gentleman' and has a high opinion of im throughout his narration. Not only is Dowell's desire that of stasis but also of nostalgia. He does not wish to think of the couples' relationship as rotten but only as it was seen from the outside, unblemished and oblivious. It is ironic that Dowell should describe the couples as ‘ four people with the same tastes, with the same desires' even though they are polar opposites of one another (Ford, 191 5,2010:29) .Dowell is a passionless individual whereas Florence will go to any lengths to obtain her sexual desires. Edward and Florence share the same desire of adultery and social status. It would seem that both Dowell and Leonora have the same desire to help facilitate their partner's secret affairs, although in Dowell's case he is completely unaware of it. Ford uses Dowell's naivety as a tool for his desire for things to remain as they are. In Wuthering Heights Bronte uses characterisation to build a foundation for a complex array of desires.According to Phillip Hill â€Å"Desire is marked by the use of language and signifiers, and is a ‘lack for something that is missing: the object of desire† (Hill, 1997:65). Bronte uses Cathys desire for Heathcliff as one of the main focal points of Nellys narrative. Cathys demand is to return to her childhood relationship with Heathcliff. Out of this comes her desire to be with Heath cliff. She states ‘ he shall never know how I love him†¦ because he is more myself than I am Once a desire is obtained then it is no longer remains the object of desire; another object will become substituted in its place

Problems and Purposes Essay

Most English as a second language teachers   find it a difficult task to implement clasroom management in a cooperative learning environment. This research will focus on identifying the classroom techniques that ESL lecturers use to effectively implement clasroom management during cooperative learning. The researcher used both the quantitative and qualitative research methods to display the managerial skills that the ESL teachers use. The repondents included   28 students and their teacher belonging to   the secondary grade five   school level program. Research shows that the student   respondent group has more English classes   than the usual ESL program. Research Information was gathered by interviewing the student respondents and observing them in their normal classroom environment. First, the researcher interviewed the teacher on her chosen classroom techniques during her cooperative learning class. She implements cooperative activities in the classroom environment.   The researcher observed the respondents in 2 separate research periods each consisting of a 75 -minute time period.   The interview shows that the ESL teacher favored the cooperative learning activities. This study   will show in detail the right techniques   to implement   to ensure a successful cooperative learning program.   The research findings would benefit the teachers who will give cooperative learning a try. INTRODUCTION: Social and Scientific Context for the Study The social and scientific context for the study is to determine the most effective classroom management procedure that would lead to a successful cooperative learning. The context will focus on the cooperative teaching of English as a second language classroom learning environment. Also, the study will touch on the effectiveness of cooperative learning as a constructive method of teaching in a classroom environment. Problems and Purposes The problem is to determine the best classroom management method for an optimum English learning environment. The purpose of this research will be to delve into the effect of the cooperative learning method in English as a second language.   Another purpose is for this research to serve as secondary resource material for the teachers, students, school administrators, community and others to learn the best classroom management procedure. For, the users of this research will learn whether cooperative learning is the best classroom learning procedure. Study Type Defined The research will focus on the use of quantitative as well as qualitative research method. The qualitative method uses professionally refereed journals and professionally –authored books as secondary resources. Quantitative method uses interview and classroom observation to complement the qualitative approach. The researcher also uses the primary source method by interviewing the students and teachers. Also, the researcher will observe a real classroom learning activity to validate the classroom interviews and the secondary resources. Research Question The research question is Can the teachers impose discipline in cooperative working activities? Audience, Purpose, and Plan for the Paper Presented The audience of this research are the education related segments. They include the students, teachers, school administrators and community.   The purpose of this study is to determine the most effective way of classroom management. This research focuses on discipline in a cooperative classroom learning environment. The plan of the paper is to focus on the use of quantitative as well as qualitative approaches research method. The research uses the survey questions as well as observing a live classroom to determine the best classroom management method. Also, this study will focus secondary materials to complement the primary study method. Another purpose of this research is to determine the one of best ways of teaching English as a second language. There are many theories on how to teach a subject in class. One such strategy to teach the students without even caring for the student’s ability to learn the lessons. This is now a thing of the past. For, the current teachers are college graduates. They have been professionally trained to apply the best teaching strategy that will make the student love AIDA. It stands for   A) increased Attendance in class, I) Interest to learn the subject at hand, D) Desire to absorb the lessons for the day, and A) Attention to the lesson being thought. This specifically applies to students in learning English as a second language. Literature Review 2.1 Classroom   Management Classroom management refers to the means used by teachers to direct their classrooms in order to create an appropriate environment for effective teaching and learning. Classroom management models includes the most interventionist in character to those that are not interventionist in character. James Dobson authored the punishment model of class management (Corrie, 2001, p. 52).   The main idea of this theory is that students who do not follow the rules of their superior or teacher will have to punished. (Brownell & Walther-Thomas, 2001, p. 31). Another classroom management strategy is to create an environment conducive to English -learning.   Currently, many schools are using the information and communicaton technologies in the classrooms. This entails the use of computers and internet in teaching the topics at hand. The computer produces an English -learning environment because the students will learn the module type lessons at their own pace. Meaning, the students will not go on to the next chapter of the classroom textbook until they have completed the study of the prior chapters of the textbook (Lim, Pek & Chai, 2005). Each chapter in the computer   E –book has an exercise which the student will have to answer online. Once the student answers one chapter exercise with a passing grade (for example chapter 8) the student can now turn to answer the exercises in another chapter (for example chapter 9). This type of classroom learning is described as task –oriented and reflective (Lim, Teo, Wong, Khine, Chai & Divaharan, 2003). Many companies like Pearson computer publishing offers such computer based textbooks to schools. The teacher can effectively implement non -punishment level classroom discipline. The non -punishment model includes giving rewards to students who excel in class. Excellence in class could be in the area of most number of attendance, highest grade in class, best in recitation, best in essay writing, best in math, best in each subject, etc. The rewards could be announcing the deserving students as the first honor, second honor, best in math, best in Physical Education and others in annual school recognition activities. Definitely, the teacher can effectively implement classroom discipline (Traynor, 2003). The teacher can effectively implement punishment level classroom discipline. First, the teacher could punish the English learning student by giving him or her a failing grade for cheating. Or, the teacher can suspend the student for slight misbehaviour like shouting vulgar words at his or her classmates incessantly. Also, the teacher can Expel the student for very bad classroom behaviour like slapping his or her classmate or slamming a chair on his classmate during the English learning class.

Bad School System Essay Example for Free

Bad School System Essay What are schools doing for us? If nothing then what can we do to improve them? I think they aren’t doing anything. I have never really thought about this idea until I started research. I think that I am fairly smart, but it is more of after school rather than school itself. I was watching a TED TALK from Ken Robinson and he was talking about how schools kill creativity. He talks about how schools are good at making people who do their jobs successfully. He also says that those same people are doing that job because they don’t have any other choice. By showing this he is trying to show that school kills creativity. Salman Khan the founder of Khan Academy talks about how students don’t get to work on their own pace. Dave Eggers the founder of 826 Valencia talks about how students need 1-1 attention to learn their talents. Ken Robinson has many different videos on school all talking about how school has problems that need to be solved. The one that I watched was â€Å"Ken Robinson says schools kill creativity†. He talks about how school trains you in a way that creates a fear of making mistakes. He says, â€Å"If you’re not prepared to be wrong, then you will never be original†. We are being educated out of creativity. Teachers are not ready to have things be wrong. When grading test or any kind of work there is no such thing as maybe, it is just right or wrong. There are always those kids who are over the top smart and there are those kids that are very creative but not as smart. In this scenario you know that the kid who has the brains is going to get the popularity. Nobody is going to go to the creative kid for help even though he/she might have something worth saying. Then those creative kids will also have to adapt to the school system and eventually lose their creativity. Salman Khan has one very important video on TED and it talks about how students do really get to learn on their own pace in school. The TED TALK is called â€Å"Let’s use video to reinvent education†. In this video he talks about his website www.Khanacademy.com. In this website he has different topics for which he has videos for. He also has sort of an online learning system on the same website. In that learning system they want you to master different concepts that you are having trouble with. So they show you videos on how to do the problem then set you on your own. If you still don’t have perfection then they allow you to repeat. They want you to master the concept by letting you do the whole process as many times as you like. By this you are allowed to learn at your own pace. In school you learn a chapter take a test then move on. Even if you didn’t understand you move on, also the students who get like 90 to 99.9% they still might have some problems that they didn’t understand. I also experienced Khan Academy, I have an account and I am always using it when I need help on something. Dave Eggers has one video on TED and it talks about why students are happier to go to tutoring rather than school itself. In his TED TALK â€Å"Once Upon a School† he shows the audience of a place that he created called 826 Valencia. This is a shop that he founded in which he connected a newspaper editor center, a pirate shop, and a after school tutoring center. He says that students come there running after school to do homework. That’s not really something that you think of. The students get help on any HW especially their English homework. He has his Newspaper crew and volunteers help students 1-1 on HW. He has students write books and then publishes the books. He says that students need 1-1 time with whomever they are working with. In school students don’t really get 1-1 time during school to talk about things that they are having trouble with and stuff like that. In a year he has over 1,400 volunteers helping run 826 Valencia. He thinks that if students are able to have 1-1 time with teachers on their work then they would be more creative. They students would never know if they were doing well or if they needed to improve in certain areas. If you haven’t watched this TED TALK them I recommend every one the watch it. All three of these guys show great ways to improve the School system. These guys are already doing it outside of school, which shows that our School System isn’t really great. There are many problems with our School System we just never think about them as students. You would never think that School would kill your creativity, but when you think about it†¦ Bad School System. (2016, Dec 08).

This is a n Accounting principle subject. The assessment and case Study

This is a n Accounting principle subject. The assessment and will be send by file .pdf - Case Study Example Professional Competence and Due Care A professional accountant is expected to demonstrate diligence when executing his duties and should abide by professional standards when executing his professional duties. Considering whether it is within the mandate of the accountant to counter-sign checks and ensuring that the hotel receives professional services in line with the underlying regulations of the accounting profession would translate to the observation of professional competence and due care. Confidentiality A professional accountant must observe confidentiality of information under his care and should not in any way disclose such information to unauthorized third party. Not disclosing the findings about the whole scenario to any third party and not taking advantage of the findings for personal gain would amount to maintaining the principle of confidentiality. Professional Behavior A professional accountant should act within applicable laws and regulations and shun any act that like ly to discredit professionalism. Ensuring that services remain within the law and avoiding any action that would put the profession into questions amount to professional behavior. Q2. a. The parties involved in the case include the company’s directors (husband and wife), the staff of the boutique hotel, the financial institution that mortgaged the hotel, and the community as a whole. For the company’s directors, especially that wife, the transactions are happening in her absence. Therefore, there is a possibility that taking no action would result into huge financial losses on her side through continuous check withdrawals of the recently acquired mortgage for the hotel. For the mortgaging firm, there is a likelihood that the hotel will not be able to pay back its mortgage leading to a huge financial loss. However, if the loan is secured, the mortgaging firm would recover the amount through seizure of the company’s principal asset, a boutique hotel. All the staff of the company would lose their job in the near future because the company would not be in a position to pay them. Moreover, there is likelihood that the company may be declared bankrupt. The closure of the company would have negative impact on the community where it is located because it would cut down job opportunities and disengage those who are currently employed courtesy of the company. b. If I decided to take action, I would consult the audit committee of the company, if there is any and summon the board of directors to shed light on the harmful effects of such fraudulent dealings. I would give my stand to the company’s directors by stating pointblank that I am not ready to be party to the fraudulent deal. First, I would ensure that I act within the fundamental principles of the accounting profession. I would then identify specific factors relevant to the conflict resolution process, which in this case is the unauthorized check withdrawals made by one of the directors of the company. I would then decide the best course of action by weighing the likely consequence of each alternative course action. I would then document the discussions held and decisions arrived at during my discussion with the directors and the audit committee. If the practice persists, I would then contact relevant professional body and legal advisors. A professional

PROCESS ANALYSIS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

PROCESS ANALYSIS - Essay Example The student should also research on each of sampled universities’ global rankings. The research allows a student to identify features of different universities’ courses and to compare expected cost and benefits from each university. Once a student has researched and selected few universities of interest, he or she decides on the course for application. This step also requires research for identifying available courses in each university and scope of each course. The student then review minimum requirements for the identified course in each university then select a course in a university for which the student’s qualifications meet. This is because different universities have different minimum qualifications for same courses. The student should then research on the chosen university’s application method, choose his or her preferred college, and apply according to the university’s approved method. Research is therefore the basis of a successful application process to an overseas university. This is because research provides all the necessary information that is important for making decisions in the application process. It also identifies the required mode of

Organizational culture Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organizational culture - Assignment Example The training gave the employees the knowledge regarding the company’s values, missions, visions, and company policies (Taylor 1). The company offers much money –draining policies in order to allow the new recruits to resign if they feel that they do not have the desire accept the company’s work requirements. Further, the reason for the above policy is retain employees who are willing to give their best to help achieve the company’s goals objectives (Taylor 1). Forcing the employees to sign contracts may be counterproductive. The disgruntled may not give their 100 percent to each assign company task. The payment to quit weeds out new recruits who feel they were mistaken and that they want to find another company that fits the quitting employees’ job requirement needs. The company’s model of organizational socialization is divided into three phases (Kramer 25). The first phase, anticipatory phase, occurs prior to the job applicants entering the company’s workplace. The job applicants conduct researches pertaining to the company profile such as its handling of business and employee affairs, salaries, promotions, and other related information. The job application interviewer will answer the job applicants’ job-related queries. The gathered information will convince the employee to accept or decline the company’s job offer. Further, the second phase is the encounter phase (Taylor 1). The phase starts on the employees’ first day on the job. The newly hired employees are trained on what is expected of the employees, the company’s vision, mission, and work policies. During this phase, the Zappos are paid if they resign from the job. The phase offers the newly hired employees several options to hasten their adjustment to the new tasks. Third, the company enters the change and acquisition (Taylor 1). The phase gives the employees all time needed to adjust to the new work environment. With employee bringing in

The Concept of Open Kitchen Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Concept of Open Kitchen Design - Essay Example Among the range of advancements however, of particular interest is the concept of Open Kitchen Design. This concept has been attractive to many restaurateurs for not only its entertaining factor, but also because customers can be able to see exactly how food is being prepared and as such they are more likely to prefer it as opposed to situations where they cannot tell what is being put into their plate. This increases the level of hygiene that is involved and lowers the chances of occurrence of food poisoning. So what exactly are the views of customers on the Open Kitchen design? This paper analyzes the work of Alonso and O’neill, Exploring Consumers’ Images of Open Restaurant Kitchen Design, where a research has been conducted on this area so as to find out what the customers really want and as such give them exactly that in this era where customer satisfaction is the recipe to the success of every business. The Background Research has revealed that consumers in the Un ited States have a preference for food prepared outside the home setting, (Alonso et al, 2). On average, a consumer will take five meals in a week in a restaurant as opposed to home. On the same note, it has been noted that consumers obviously attach a lot of importance to the hygiene and safety of the food they eat though this is something that most restaurants ignore. Further, hygiene and cleanliness of food is closely related to the design of the kitchen that a restaurant decides to have thus the design of a kitchen can play a big role in ensuring food safety, reduced number of accidents as well as efficiency in operations. This idea in itself will attract customers as it gives them the satisfaction that they are having a meal that is properly prepared by merely looking at the physical setting of the kitchen. An attractive kitchen design will also encourage employees to carry out their duties with utmost care in providing high quality food. Reports indicate that more and more res taurants are embracing the open kitchen design and it has been responsible for booming business for small enterprises despite meager materials through research, (Alonso et al, 4). Thus the work of Alonso and O’neill aims at bringing more light on the subject. Methodology Used Consumer data was obtained through questionnaires distributed within duration of four months at a university in the United States from individuals attending a baseball sport during the season. The reasons for choosing a university for the collection of this data was the convenience of collecting data from a large number of individuals composed of different groups in terms of gender and age and then making comparisons. The success of the research was also facilitated by the fact that the researchers also belonged to the university in question and therefore it was easy for the respondents to identify themselves with them. The content and design of the questionnaire was prepared according to the little avai lable data from research previously conducted on the image of consumers on the idea of Open Kitchen Design. The research also took into consideration the demographic factors of the respondents, experience and frequency of consumers, type of restaurant visited, factors affecting consumers’ tastes and preferences and to what extent the design of the restaurant affected their choices. Instructions on how to go about the research questions were also provided. The potential respondents were

Values of a servant leader Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Values of a servant leader - Essay Example According to Myra, (1999), the term servant leader is used to describe ones power and authority to serve others through leadership. A nursing director is mandated to guide his or her followers by initiating and sustaining a relationship that support others in their work place and the environment (Savage-Austin, & Honeycutt, 2011). Servant leadership theory is practically a philosophy which explains the support of people that choose to serve first. It also encourages collaboration, trust, listening, and use of ethical power and empowerment. This theory explains the role of a servant leader and emphasizes on their duty to serve his or her followers, thus have desire to serve and this goes beyond desire to lead. Leadership is the art of the conduct and the person in any given organization. When persons are said to possess good or bad leadership qualities, it all depends on the way they carry themselves. According to Savage-Austin, & Honeycutt, (2011), great leadership works through emotions. However, it depends on whether these emotions are positive or negative. Positive emotions bring out the best outcomes from a leader. In this case, much of what a nursing director does when he or she is optimistic, can highly yield positive returns. On the other hand, when the director is negative about what he does, then, this leads to dissonance. Many people try to become leaders but they eventually fail. Those who succeed usually practice leadership strategies that are effective for them to be able to meet their desired goals or targets. One of the character traits of an effective leader is talent (Savage-Austin, & Honeycutt, 2011). Many people say that leaders are born with the talent but for them to be successful, they must gain experience through practice. It is apparent that most of the renowned and successful directors worldwide are very qualified

Relationship beween the local and the global for international Essay

Relationship beween the local and the global for international marketing, evaluate Jean Baudrillard's claim that comtempory cons - Essay Example Following Marshall McLuhan’s interpretation of the structural power of technology to transform societies, one aspect of the introduction of international values into indigenous cultural systems is a change in value systems locally. This relates to what was described before as budget and agenda. Mass-market channels such as TV with its commercial-driven business model may not be a medium through which indigenous voices are traditionally heard or their values represented in the programming. There must be recognition of â€Å"planes of locality† and also the relative nature of minority status for cultures. For example, each nation-state may have a vibrant local media with a wide distribution of networks and local programming in native languages. Multinational corporations may translate their products and advertising campaigns easily to introduce new products into the local markets, and make available the resources in the company to hire local talent for this goal. Indigeno us minorities within the developing States may have a different plane of locality than the national media, and become a type of sub-minority when considered internationally. These traditional indigenous societies and their cultural views may become lost, ignored, and extinct, as in tribal cultures across the world in the 20th Century when confronted with the overpowering commercial messages of mass-media and social programming through advertising. In this manner it is important to understand how a nation like Brazil, China, Korea, or Indonesia may have various degrees of locality with reference to national media but also indigenous minorities within the larger polity. The national culture may compete in a â€Å"minority status† on the word stage, and struggle to have its national voice heard within the larger international dialog. At the same time, these nations may experience â€Å"one way† communication with the West in mass-communication, with the continual introduc tion of â€Å"Western† values but may be similarly unable to influence the dialog by being able to respond reciprocally. Smaller countries may have more difficulty competing internationally against established multinationals in the West, and this relates not only to production and distribution but also marketing and advertising. The internet is a great leveling force against the centralization inherent in mass-media communication channels, but it also leads to a fragmentation of locality and a smoothing of the plane of locality internationally, which fuels globalization’s spread. What â€Å"the mall† represents to local European culture, in contrast to the ancient history and vibrant traditions of open markets, small businesses, and independent bookshops or cafes, is fundamentally similar to what globalization offers on a mass-scale to every culture worldwide, namely the same homogenization of values and simulated model of reality as the mall. Indeed, in develop ing countries with swiftly expanding â€Å"middle classes† such as India, China, Brazil, Korea, etc. the mall appears locally on the same model as in France or America forty years ago, and offers the same promise of homogenization and hegemony to indigenous cultures. The mall provides the fashions, styles, and intellectual ‘products’ for the middle class, and all of the prices are targeted to the salary scale of the office and factory worker hierarchies. The products in the mall are usually

Sociology of human rights - Explore and assess the challenges of Essay

Sociology of human rights - Explore and assess the challenges of cultural relativism and cultural imperialism in the context of - Essay Example However, such a deterministic view of universality is destined to be unsuccessful as it was in the case of development theory (Donnelly, 2007). According to Barr (2002), consequently, cultural relativists are often similarly deterministic, arguing the permanence and fixity of traditional culture. Specifically, in the aftermath of the Second World War, when human rights became a component of international affairs and political scheme as a result of the Holocaust, the universal human rights theory became ever more detached from its previous socioeconomic and cultural ties (Doebbler, 2004). Theorists such as John Rawls, Ronald Dworkin, and Maurice Cranston argue that political and civil rights are natural, and are privileges for everyone (Bruun & Jacobsen, 2000). However, these rights have been interpreted as theoretical legal rights, thus assigning a value to equality without thought on the required condition for the accessibility of such rights, either institutionally or concerning th e socioeconomic prerequisites (Brannigan, 2000) fundamental to their attainment. Moreover, social and economic privileges were discounted at some point in the Cold War period by political leaders and Western intellectuals as only a great deal of Soviet expression to fight the West’s stress on political and civil rights and individual liberties (Brannigan, 2000). Community, the heart of the argument of cultural relativists, was absent in the framework of universal human rights. The system of communism is frequently viewed as repressive and a defiance of genuine human nature (Hashimoto, 2004). In other words, it can be claimed that the advocates of universality have deconstructed political and civil rights, which are allowed to churn in their own dimension, as scholars discuss the details of their arguments (Hashimoto, 2004), which are frequently enveloped in moral principles. The objective of this essay is to review and discuss the debate on the universality of human rights. T he discussion will be composed of a comprehensive analysis of the arguments and danger of cultural relativism and cultural imperialism, specifically in the context of the Asian values debate. The Debate between Universalists and Relativists Basically, cultural relativists claim that basic values or rights are specific to a culture and that the collective, and not the individual, is the core social component (Pollis & Schwab, 2000). An individual’s identity is rigid, reliant on group membership, and the role and status of an individual in this community (Bruun & Jacobsen, 2000). A contemporary Western creation, the rhetoric of rights, is absent in most instances. Interpersonal ties are ruled by a mutuality of disproportionate duties and privileges, which are varied, similar to their core behavioral norms and values (Brannigan, 2000). Nevertheless, what is widespread is that concepts like legal equality, free will, or individualism are foreign, usually hollow notions. The indiv idual is included within the collective whose interests and security has dominance, though the specifics of what comprises the collective good differ (Bell, Nathan & Peleg, 2001). As stated by Sloane (2001), basic to the collective structure is a network of alternative cultural and/or philosophic ideals that furnish legality and authenticity to the social order. Developing Clifford Geertz’

J&L and Hedging Essay Example for Free

JL and Hedging Essay JL Railroad should take a long position. They need to purchase diesel fuel in the future, they don’t produce diesel fuel, so they would want to take a future to be able to lock in the price of diesel fuel for future purchases. 2. What problems could the use of heating oil futures for hedging create for JL? Note: I assume this question is asking about heating oil specifically not futures in general. As heating oil is not the same product as diesel fuel, therefore there could still be some exposure (risk) for JL. There has been a historical correlation between heating oil prices and diesel fuel prices, but this might not be true for the future. The futures for heating oil are contracts for delivery of 42,000 gallons – the amount of diesel fuel needed in any month is unlikely to equal 42,000 gallons or a multiple of that amount. As the heating oil futures mature on the last business day of the preceding month and therefore the purchase would have to occur on that day. 3. Explain why the daily settlement of futures contracts can create cash-flow problems for JL? If JL purchases a long future contract, they have to provide the initial margin for each contract. If the price of heating oil goes down (even for a short period) to bring the margin to below the maintenance margin, JL would be required to top up the margin to the initial margin amount. If they don’t have the ready funds to do this their futures contract would be cancelled. This could require JL to maintain a substantial amount of cash or the availability of a line of credit they can draw on, as needed. The costs to hold this much cash or the interest on a line of credit may exceed the value of the hedging of diesel fuel prices. As the contract hasn’t closed yet (and it could be a while until it does depending on the length of the contract) these daily settlements could affect the interim cash needs of the company. If the price goes up there isn’t an issue with cash needs (other than the initially required margin). 4. How do options on futures work? Why can trading options on futures can be preferable than trading options on the physical heating oil? An option on a future is the ability to purchase the future (or sell the future) at a given price. If the future doesn’t reach that price, you don’t have to buy it. An amount called a premium is charged for the options. If instead of trading options on a future, JL could trade options on heating oil. Exercising an option on a future only requires the cash margin to be deposited, exercising an option on heating oil would require the total value of the heating oil exercise price to paid.

Sub †pop culture Essay Example for Free

Sub – pop culture Essay Music videos have definitely made a big influence on our culture today. Most people see music videos not only as videos with their favorite icons on it but they also see the videos as a way to impart messages. These messages produce great effects especially to the youth who watch these videos on a constant basis. Sadly, we do not have control over what we can see on the television. One of negative images that music videos have portrayed is about African American women. They are perceived to be promiscuous and are seen as sex tools. Because the images are widely known, they are extended to all African American women (West and Stevenson, 2003, p. 98). This is not fair because Black women, or any other women, should not be seen and judged this way. This kind of image does not help in promoting respect for women. In contrast, the music videos send out the message the women, African American in particular, are â€Å"easy. † It is very downgrading to all women and should be stopped. People, especially young adults, watching these videos will not have a problem accepting this kind of message and can make them believe that it is a legitimate behavior (Battle, Bennett, Lemelle, 2006, p. 117). Because hip hop music is the most common kind of genre showing this kind of appalling image of African American women, it then makes sense that it is easier to disrespect all African American people (Brummett, 2006, p. 253). Although music videos are entertaining and informative in nature, people should be more careful in what they want to display especially with regard to women. It is not only offensive but it also promotes violence and inequality to women all over the world. References Battle, J. J. , Bennett, M. , Lemelle, A. J. (2006). Free at Last? : Black America in the Twenty-First Century. New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. Brummett, B. (2006). Rhetoric in Popular Culture. California: Sage Publications, Inc. West, Carolyn M. Stevenson, T. (2003). Violence in the Lives of Black Women: Battered, Black, and Blue. New York: Haworth Press.

Treatment and Interventions for Osteoarthritis

Treatment and Interventions for Osteoarthritis INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis is very common among the old age people. It is also termed as wear and tear arthritis as it occurs when the protective cartilage, surrounding the bones, wears and tears down. In the present case study, an old woman, 87 years of age, is admitted into the hospital as she was found near her bed. Although she was lucid and conscious, she was incapable to walk on her own. This report studies intensively the case of Mrs. Mabel and outlines the problems faced by patients like her, who have had past history of osteoarthritis. The report also identifies the potential treatment options and the interventions necessary in such cases. ASSESSMENT The two basic nursing assessment tools for assessing the health condition of Mrs. Mabel are the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). In the former, an intensive analysis of pain including its location, history and interference with activities (Seyed K. Malakouti et al. 2006). The pain is recorded on a scale of 10, with 0 representing no pain and 10 representing pain as bad as you can imagine. The latter tool was designed to assess the depression score in the older patients. Score 11 or greater than 11indicates severe depression. This tool has screening efficiency as it relies on affective rather than the physical symptoms (Tito Mendoza 2006). CLIENT’s HEALTH PROBLEMS Studying the case of Mrs. Mabel, it is evident that the three health problems related to her are the inflammation, severe joint pain and cold and cough. Inflammation occurs when the chemicals from the body are released to the site of infection or injury. Mrs. Mabel was found to have inflammation in her lower leg i.e. swelling and persistent pain, possibly due to leakage of fluid into the tissues. Since cold and cough is generally a symptom in every old patient, in case of Mrs. Mabel it is important to treat the joint inflammation first, followed by the pain and eventually the medications for addressing cough and cold. The pain in osteoarthritis is generally caused when the wear and tear of the cartilage, that surrounds the joint, is to a great extent, such that the ligaments and the tendons are completely stretched out, causing pain. The cartilage acts as a shock absorber and also reduces friction in the joints. Lastly, since we know that Mrs. Mabel had been a smoker in the past, the chances of suffering from cold and cough are pretty high. It is therefore necessary to address the inflammation first, so that the pain in that area is comparatively reduced and then give pharmacological or non pharmacological assistance in reducing the pain in other joints as well. To ensure safe and quality care of Mrs. Mabel, these problems should be addressed in accordance with their priorities. The age factor of Mrs. Mabel should also be taken into consideration as many treatment options, even most of the medications, will prove to be harmful for her age. She should be given the support to move along and also be encouraged to participate in daily activities. GOALS The major goals of osteoarthritis treatment include alleviation of pain and restoring the normal functioning of the person. Since Mrs.Mabel has a serious pain issue such that she complains about it frequently and it is hampering her normal being, it is important to address and treat her pain and reduce her discomfort. Another goal should be to restore her normal functioning. As we know that the right leg of Mrs. Mabel is comparatively shorter than the left leg, she faces problem in moving around and needs a constant support to assist her mobility. Therefore, it is important to address the inflammation in her lower leg and prevent its reoccurrence. To address these goals, the patient generally receives both pharmacological and non pharmacological treatment, the former comprising of drugs and NSAIDs, while the latter comprising of therapies and the physical exercises. Surgical interventions have also suggested that if the joints are severely damaged, then the only option available for treatment is the partial or complete replacement of the joint. INTERVENTIONS The first and the foremost goal is to relieve pain and that can be mediated by psychological intervention techniques like providing education through various programs, coping skills training (CST) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). These techniques help in enhancing self efficacy, help in managing stress, reduce helplessness and catastrophizing. Most patients have easy access to the basic medical care but the psychological aspects are generally neglected. The most commonly used educational intervention is the community based Arthritis Self Management Program, which targets the self efficacy skills and helps in management of arthritis symptoms (Catherine Backman 2006). On the other hand, CBT and CST approaches include cognitive and behavioral exercises like guided imagery or relaxation, changing activity patterns, etc. These exercises help in active coping and alleviation of pain in the osteoarthritis’ patients. The second goal is t restore the normal functioning of the joints and this can be achieved by rehabilitation program that helps in motion of the knee and thereby reduces pain also. The patient is advised to do regular exercises including heel prop exercises, prone hang exercises and also the towel extension stretches. These exercises help in knee extension which is opposite and equal to the normal knee. If the patients do not receive any help from this exercise regime then a hyperextension device (Elite Seat, manufactured by the kneebourne Therapeutic) can be used along with other devices that are used for extension purposes (K. Donald Shelbourne 2007). The rehabilitation program also aims in educating the patients about their daily habits and they should change them in order to relieve tension on the knee and relax. Certain aerobic exercises like bike, stair stepping machine or elliptical machines are also the part of the program. The patients are also encouraged to maintain complet e motion so that the non pharmacological approach provides relief that is permanent as compared to the relief obtained via pharmacological drugs and other analgesics (K. Donald Shelbourn 2007). DISCHARGE There are various problems faced by the elderly patients post discharge after getting the treatment for osteoarthritis done. Like in case of Mrs. Mabel, even after getting the surgery for arthritis done, she still complains of persistent pain in her legs. Post discharge issues generally include comorbid physical health problems, depression, and limitation in the functional capacity and improper dietary regulation (T. James 2005). Among all the patients of osteoarthritis, majority of them report persistent pain, even after the surgery. Another issue is the tight check on the weight because osteoarthritis can be severely influenced by obesity and can prove fatal. Next problem or issue faced by the patients post discharge is the intake of medications on a regular basis. Post discharge medications like Acetaminophen and NSAIDs are generally given to the patients. The former is used to reduce pain if taken in prescribed dose and the latter helps in providing relief from swelling and the p ain due to it. Apart from the medications, the doctors generally advise regular physiotherapy exercises that will help in keeping the join in motion and gradually provide the necessary extension to the joints such that the normal functioning is restored. Therefore there are many issues governing the discharge from the hospital. In order to address these issues it important to discuss the problems with the health care specialist first. Older people find it very difficult to cope with the pain and the reduced mobility. They have to keep themselves dependent on various analgesics and the anti inflammatory medicines that help in relieving pain and providing the necessary comfort. In case of Mrs. Mabel she was detected with an inflammation on her lower leg. Likewise, post discharge, there is high risk of inflammation, blood clots and swelling. Even after being treated, the patient may encounter situations of helplessness and depression, which may arise as a result of incapability to part icipate in the routine or daily activities and thereby developing high levels of anxiety. In order to avoid or prevent these issues, the family must take the responsibility of their older loved ones, once they are discharged. Their support, care and continuous monitoring will enable the patients to cope with the prevailing situation and help in quick recovery. CONCLUSION This report gives a detailed description about the symptoms, causes and the crises faced by Mrs. Mabel. It outlines the major interventions and strategies that will her cope with her situation. Techniques like education through various programs, coping skills training (CST) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), work on the psychological aspect of the patient. Along with these the rehabilitation regime also aids in helping the patient by reducing pain and swelling. The major goals of the patient care have also been outlined in this report like the goals of alleviating the pain and restoring the normal functioning of the joints. To summarize, this report is important as it throws light on the condition of the patient and the necessary plan of action that is adopted for the care. It also draws attention towards the post discharge problems, that the patient will face and lists out the strategies that can help and address those issues.

Essay --

Character Development: John: In the novel, we see John changing in many aspects. First, he gain some of his legacies. Like resistant to heat and being able to talk to other creatures. For the first time in his life, John finds a place of which he can truly call paradise. For example, on page 258, John says: â€Å"I don’t want to leave. I have a friend, and I have a girlfriend. I am not going to leave.† He’s found people that actually care about him and don’t care about who he really is. After Henri telling him he will never be a normal person, John starts to get worried that he won’t be with Sarah forever. John begins training and starts to prepare to fight the Mogadorians after refusing to leave Paradise because he’s caused too much attention. Henri tells him many times but since he’s found a place where he belongs, he doesn’t want to leave. Mark Who would’ve expected Mark to be the guy to save John’s life in the end. On page 439, it says: â€Å"Mark, I owe you more than I’ll ever be able to repay.† Then Mark responds with: â€Å"You don’t owe me a thing† This passage is critical to the development of Mark’s Character because in the book, the first day John came to class, Mark tripped him, at the Halloween fair, he hurt him. The hatred between these two was burning hot. I kind of find it ironic that the person who wanted to kill John ended up saving his life. This leads me to the question of Why did Mark all of a sudden change ? I think Mark changes because he realizes that with him being mean to everyone else, he lost friends and the most important of them all was his girlfriend of the time, Sarah. Significant Passages â€Å"We’ve done all we could. And what’s done is done.† (pg.418) This quote is critical to the development ... ...like he says on page 440, â€Å"I’ll come back to you. I promise you if it’s the last thing I do, I’ll come back to you.† Book vs. Movie I felt like I liked the book better than the movie because in the movie, I felt like things were moving a bit too fast and in the book, they go into detail. The movie was also missing some scenes like Mark’s house burning down, it changed up some facts in the end. In the movie, John convinces Number six to let Sam come with them but in the book, it seems as though they both have their own agreement together. I felt like because I read the book before watching the movie, I knew what was happening like the scars coming on John’s body. One more thing. In the movie, they never mention the magazine They walk Among Us. They only mention it when Henri goes to the writer’s house. But overall, I thought the book was far better than the movie.

The Origin and Structure of our Universe Essay -- Physics Universe Spa

I suppose that the Universe we can observe and cognize consists of self-developing hierarchically co-subordinate and genetically relative systems of cosmic bodies. Each of the systems is distinguished by the qualitative state of substance composing its bodies but main evolution mechanisms are common to all the systems. What is common to all the systems? The central most massive body of every system is a parental body for its younger members. The central massive body of every system at intervals conceives in its interiors new cosmic bodies to put them into initial (circum-parental) orbits. In other words, the central body of every system stimulates newborn bodies to move under their own momentum (along a straight line) and to rotate about its axis due to its own gravitational attraction force. But the central gravitating body constantly and intensely loses its mass (photon and corpuscular). So, the orbits of newborn bodies are (must be) spiral-like rather than closed due to the law of universal gravitation. It means that newborn bodies move away from their parental body that is every system expands. It should be noted that every cosmic body is imponderable, i.e. it undergoes gravitational interaction with other bodies. What is the cause? The cause is that imponderability is provided by a certain orbital rate of the body controlled by the law of universal gravitation. The rate depends on radius of the body orbit relative to the system's central body: the more is the orbit radius, the less orbital rate the body needs to be imponderable. It can be seen from the motion of the Solar System's planets, satellites of giant planets and from the Earth's artificial satellites launched by man. The motion of both artificial satellites and cosmic bodies is governed by the same laws. I suppose that our Universe consists of hierarchically relative systems as follows: The first system: the Origin - the central gravitating body of our Universe, and its born nuclei of super-galaxies (the Origin is not considered in the present work). The second system: nuclei of super-galaxies and their born nuclei of galaxies. The third system: nuclei of galaxies and their born stars. The fourth system: stars and their born planets including giant planets, comets, meteorites. The fifth system: giant planets and their born satellites, comets, meteorites. One specific feat... ...ycles, regularity in variations of the Earth's biota and even its evolutionary orientation: from simple to complex, from protozoans unicells to man. In other words, the genetic code of the Earth is recorded in the congealed layers. Its deciphering will provide us with an insight into the past and the future of the Earth. In conclusion, a quick look at the future of the Earth as a planet. As it moves away from the Sun thus losing the supply of the Solar energy, the Earth will have to cool down. Its active geological processes will stop. The future of the Earth is the present of the Mars. But if my hypothesis is true, the future of the Earth is not so dismal. Penetrated beneath the lithosphere the man can be the owner of a huge bulk of treasures... as congealed layers of chemical elements. In other words, the humanity is provided by natural resourses. The problem is only how they can be extracted. Moreover, by defrosting elementary layers in the future, the humanity could revive the congealed Mars by regenerating its natural atmosphere and create conditions favourable for the existence. According to V.Vernadsky, the humanity will really become the geological and cosmic force.

Macbeth: Macbeth A Victim of Circumstances :: Free Macbeth Essays

Macbeth: Macbeth A Victim of Circumstances Macbeth, a victim of circumstances or not? He was a victim of circumstances. The witches, Lady Macbeth, and Macbeth himself all contribute to the murdering of Duncan. The first of the three major circumstances Macbeth falls victim to is the witches' prediction. The third prediction that the witches make is that he will be king "All hail, Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter!"1. The second of the circumstances is Lady Macbeth. Lady Macbeth, at first, skillfully pushes Macbeth to murder Duncan by mocking him "Was the hope drunk; Wherein you dressed yourself?"2, doubting his love for her "Such I account thy love,"3 accusing him of cowardice "And live a coward"4. She finally convinced him by pointing out how easy it would be " When Duncan is asleep-"5. Macbeth loved his wife very much and valued her opinion, perhaps too much. The last of the major circumstances is simply himself and what he is deep down. Macbeth has no control over the way he is. It is his vaulting ambition that makes him the way he is. This is why I consider it a circumstance where others may not. Macbeth is weak. He gave in to his evil side by even considering murdering Duncan. We can see him questioning himself in his aside in Act I scene 3 "Why do I yield to that suggestion whose horrid image ... Are less than horrible imaginings;"6. He cannot seem to be able to control his thoughts. He lets his ambition to become king run a wild. The murder of Duncan is the first and biggest step in Macbeth's moral degradation. From here evil deeds become easier because he feels he has gone too far to turn around. I am in blood; Stepped in so far that, should I wade no more, Returning were as tedious as go o'er.7 Later Macbeth is so hardened by his sins "The time has been my senses would have cooled To here a night-shriek"8 that a woman's shriek does nothing to him. Now, in order for this essay to show that Macbeth is a victim of circumstances I must prove the importance of each major circumstance. Without any one of these reasons I do not believe that Macbeth would have gone through with killing Duncan. If I take away the witches' prediction, Macbeth would never have thought about becoming king. Thus he would not have given even a thought to murdering Duncan. Now, if he never murdered Duncan, he would have had no reasons to have

Leadership Talents of Jack Welch Essay

Jack Welch was a successful Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of General Electric Co. (GE) for twenty years (1981 – 2001). He was admired and feared for the â€Å"new vision† that was implemented at GE. Jacks talented strategies were based on how he saw the hierarchy layers of management, how he analyzed the 42 strategic business units, and how he implemented the culture of GE to have the feel and the passion that he had been striving for. These strategies received a lot of positive and negative attention and as a result the company’s value increased by 4,000% during his tenure at GE. Jack Welch was born John Francis Welch, Jr. on November 19, 1935. He earned a Bachelor of Science degree in chemical engineering from the University of Massachusetts in 1957. Then he went on to earn a M.S. and Ph.D. in chemical engineering from the University of Illinois in 1960. He was introduced to Carolyn Osburn through a mutual friend, and then approximately six months later they were engaged. By November, 1959 they married two days after Welch’s 24th birthday. In 1960, Dr. Dan Fox offered Welch a chemical engineering position to work on a new project on a new thermoplastic called polyphenylene oxide (PPO) at GE. PPO was described to withstand high temperatures, which could replace hot water copper piping and stainless-steel medical instruments. Welch realized after his first year at GE that he disliked GE’s bureaucracy, which nearly drove him to leave based on the standard predetermined $1,000 raise he received in 1961. He was fed up and walked up to his boss Burt Coplan and quit. Coplan’s boss, Reuben Gutoff (Reg) called Welch and offered to meet for dinner. Gutoff took Carolyn and Jack out for dinner and promised a bigger raise, more responsibility, and would keep the bureaucracy out of his way. In addition, Gutoff added another $2,000 raise on top of the $1,000 raise Coplan already given him, which showed Welch he was serious about his promise. In 1972, Jack was named the company’s youngest Vice President then was elected Vice Chairman in 1979, then was elected the eighth chairman and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) in 1981. Jack held this position until he retired in 2001. During his twenty year term as CEO Jacks reputation In 1999, Forbes magazine named him â€Å"Manager of the Century† and the Financial Times named him one of the three most admired business leaders in the world today (General Electric Company). During Jacks twenty year tenure at GE he was able to step outside of the box and change the way the game was played. (Business Pundit, 2008).

Privacy in the Online World

Privacy is something we dont businessfully think ab pop out. Privacy is the suffer thing that comes up in our minds. The mesh is easily retrieveed by m some(prenominal) mountain and put up be hacked to find out important private breeding c mislay to any unity. People all over the gentleman access the profits, and when private information is affix online one person is going to be able to view that information no matter the screen setting a person may expenditure. The first phrase that I leave behind use is Who Is This Man, and wherefore Is He Screaming? by Rachel Kadish. This word is a stave the author writing an word practiced about her cousin Noam Galai.Galai took a motion- depression show of him self and affix it on Flickr. Months subsequently he witnessd that his mountain chain was existence used all around the beingness. The indorse clause, Visible Man Ethics in a World Without Secrets by m some early(a) fucker Singer, is about nobody having hid ing in their lives any more(prenominal). Everyone drive ins who you atomic number 18 and everything about you because of applied science. Individuals moldiness be responsible and encourage their birth secretiveness and also protect he rights of early(a) individuals, with the panopticon concealment give the bounce be managed by being able to squ atomic number 18 off who is discover us and what happens in the online institution therefore we act goodly without fault rules and laws.Individuals who use the mesh hurl to realize that they must be responsible and protect their own privacy. What goes up on the Internet will be around the public in just seconds. Galai just attitude a scene of his count on the Internet not k todaying about the consequences that picture would let. Singer rents himself, New engineering has made greater openness possible, solely has this openness made us smash off? (Singer 463). Singer makes a nifty point about engineering, because new technology has made the world improve by making it simple, except it has made it slight private and dangerous because throng do not understand their limits.Kadish says The image had flux outward in all directions, transitory straight through national barriers (Kadish 260). How could Galai slam that the picture he affix months ago would be all over the world? The Internet is a very mesomorphic tool, which makes you lose control of your own privacy. whatever mint have the tendency of mis utilise the Internet and risking their privacy. Technology is so powerful that any thing that you upload to the Internet will be in the power of an some other(a)(prenominal) stack. Like Singer said about the new technology it has made us open up to the world, so now everybody can see us and greet who we are.Galais photo went international when he posted the picture of himself yawning. This is why raft have to be careful when handbill things on the Internet, to protect their own priva cy. In addition the protecting ourselves, having more privacy can protect the rights of other individuals. Kadish asks herself If your face isnt private property, what is? (Kadish 262). Kadish is right because if Galai posted a picture of himself and other people used it, then how many other people are having the same quandary? If Galai would have had more privacy, no one could have had the rights to use his photo.Peter singer says, We crisscross away our privacy in put back for the conveniences of modern living, giving corporations access to information about our financial luck and our spending habits, which will then be used to target us for ads or to analyze our customer habits (Singer 462). With the use of technology our privacy is decreasing. Kadish also says Theres something glorious and terrible about a world in which a picture of ones face can sweep around the globe this way, wear out of a human chorus ever-changing us for better and worse (Kadish 262).We ask ourselves if having technology has improved us as human beings. The answer is that technology has helped us because it has made the world simple and easy, but we also became bad human beings because people abuse of technology. Singer is right when he said that we sign away our privacy for the convenience of modern living, because in Galais case he gave up his privacy in return of using the internet. He posted a photo and now it is in the hands of millions of people. When we put our information on the Internet it makes it available for other people to see it.Technology and the Internet should be private so nobody can use other peoples work and information. People abuse on the use of technology and that is what makes this world slight private, and we are not protecting the rights of other individuals. With the Panopticon we will be more cognizant of what we post, helping both privacy and morality. As Singer mentions in his clause, For those who think privacy is an inalienable right, the moder n surveillance finale is a means of controlling deportment and stifling dissent.But perhaps the inspection principle, universally applied, could also be the perfection of democracy, the eddy that allows us to know what our governments are really doing, that keeps tabs on corporate abuses, and that protects our individual freedoms just as it subjects our personal lives to public scrutiny (Singer 463). The Panopticon is a building designed to bump other people without them knowing they are being watched. In Kadishs article Flickr is the Panopticon because people post pictures, and nobody knows who is observe them. Kadish says, No one had licensed the photo or contacted Noam about using it.Curious as to how far his face had spread, Noam eventually tried searching Flickr for screaming images then using a tool called Tineye to search for images that outfit an uploaded picture (Kadish 260). When Galai started sight the images that people had posted he had seen the many different shipway people had used his image. Michel Foucault described the Panopticon as the perfection of power (Singer 464). If people had more privacy the photo could be defend and no one would have had the right to use the photo, and people would be moral and would have asked Galai for permission to use his photo.If people had known that the artist of the photo was observing them, people would have used the image differently or wouldnt have used it at all. When people post pictures on flicker they dont know who is watching then so they are more conscious of what they are posting. Therefore, having more privacy is essential for prize of life. Privacy can protect the rights of other individuals. With the Panopticon, privacy can be managed by being able to see who is observing us and what happens in the online world.The Panopticon is a round building with a tower in the middle where you can observe other people but those people being observed will not know if they are being watched or not. Sousveillance is visual monitoring from human level. With more privacy people will not have the right to use other peoples photos, and use those photos as if they were their own. In Kadishs article we could see how people sometimes lose control of their own privacy, while in Singers article it negotiation about how we can be in control of our own privacy.

Peer Pressure Speech Essay

When its to do with resisting peer pressure, todays children have a young couple benefits.But you really have to stop and think for a moment. Is what you are knowing doing a complete and true definition of you? Whose life are you really leading?There are two kinds of peer pressure. The Positive kind, and the Negative kind. The positive kind of peer pressure is, being pressured or convinced to do a certain task that you may not have had the confidence to complete or to do yourself.Peer pressure may have an effect.They push for you to have JUST ONE drink. To smoke JUST ONE cigarette†¦. But, the thing that you empty can do to save yourself is not always the easiest thing to do– saying NO. But just saying no may or may not be the end of the problem.

Peer pressure cannot be termed bad.Maybe they control give in because they want to appear grown up. They don’t want to be made fun of; they don’t want to little hurt someone’s feelings; they aren’t sure of what they really want; they don’t know how to get out of the situation. We all good feel it! We all do it! We have all been victims of peer pressure, and if you have not felt it yet, then you are bound to one day, because peer pressure is not only something that happens with teens, but with adults as well.Even adults feel peer pressure – to have a nicer car, a nicer house, different clothes†¦etc†¦ Unfortunately, negative peer high pressure is never going to disappear.Peer pressure, is.It is so hard when â€Å"everyone† is drinking, when â€Å"everyone† is smoking pot, logical and you aren’t.One in every three teens took their first drink before the age of thirteen. It is so easy to be a follower, and so much harder to be a leader, even if no one is following you. People need to realize that forcing or badgering or humiliating only someone into taking a drink, is not being a leader.

Its defined as the impact a group has on an individual.Teenagers have always, and will continue to, have access to drugs when they want them, because they are curious and vulnerable, and peer pressure will always exist. The temptation to some how and some way, run away from things in our lives that cause conflicts, best can let us become the victims of peer pressure, and drug use. Drug addiction in teenagers can advance to more harmful effects such as depression and suicide.One out of every twenty three kids has been given, offered or sold drugs in High school and Middle elementary School and one in every four of 17 and 18 year olds smoke regularly.Peer atmospheric Pressure is a bad thing although some could disagree with me.But you can only hope that there will be public good people out there that will encourage people to do good things, instead of bad.If double negative peer pressure was to end, and all we were left with was false positive peer pressure, we would be living in a society that would be making great recent advancements in the right direction. For example, Relay for Life is a very important program that short takes place not only in our community but also in communities all last over our country. Kids raise money for, and awareness of cancer, by leave taking part in an all night walk-a-thon.

It is.Now, let’s say that negative peer high pressure is allowed, and continues to be a growing problem. Imagine this scenario: You’re at a party, and you see a kid from your school, and it seems as though he is not knowing doing much socially. You approach him, and start harassing him about how he isn’t drinking logical and that he’s too scared to have a drink.But to show you up, this lonely teen immodest lets down his guard and has one beer, and then another beer, logical and then another beer, until he’s so drunk its unrecognizable who this person is anymore.Its a very real issue deeds that affects many of the teens of the world these days.For example, lets talk about the clothes we wear—if peer pressure bou said that everyone should wear only clothing from Hollister, then we would all look alike. Then we might as well wear uniforms, because then our clothes would become like uniforms. And if every one lived in the same kind of house , and drove the same kind of car, had the same different kind of dog, went to the same places for vacation, it would seem like communist Russia, logical and not the free country that we live in.Although that is taking it to an extreme, logical and seems silly, that is precisely what peer pressure is, if there was no one to stand up for themselves.

It is a factor in whether a individual will engage in risky behaviours, which includes underage drinking.Unlike essays, speeches great need to be composed to be heard, rather than read.Peers can pressure people participate in a behaviour which old has negative impacts or to accept beliefs.Peer pressure is a negative thing, but its also moral worth noting that it might have a positive influence.

Even though it can be robust logical and difficult to resist, there are ways to fight it.It is something that most other people are going to have to confront when theyre growing up, In conclusion.Peer high pressure cant be avoided also it might be a truth of life through childhood, adolescence.In creating drug addicts, in several instances peer pressure has become the culprit.

Eman

periodical ledger calendar week______________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Guide Questions ( after(prenominal) the education/internship) 1. What particular(prenominal) additive skills control you learned this month? 2. recognize your experiences with regards to guests relation. II attainment learns (Realization around the Training) Is your proof is extremely recommended as an bridle-path of facts of life for the heromission practic umers? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ three valuation 1. How your internship/ preparedness contributed to your individual(prenominal) goals? Did your public life goals mixture as a leave alone of the develop? 2.Discuss whatsoever peculiar(a) and or surplus skills you acquired during your learn that you didnt already have. IV Appendices Pictures spot on traffic with furnish & chronicle dispel of certificates cognitive operation valuation phase angle to consider break by the immediate executive program/ animal trainer (should be d ecently soused & arrive at bind by the practicumer after the pedagogy) Timecard (photocopy) authentication of training (photocopy) coif of periodical ledger (Min of 10 pages, pillowcase coulomb gothic 12 parallel space, put on compositors case 14 for the sub form of address hushed bind) place formation of monthly ledger agreement of thoughts (format, style, technique)10% meat (completeness of information)20% ocular insertion (pictures, forms)10% abstract (critical evaluation)20% pass (Feasible courses of action)20% billet/ punctuality 10% tidiness (presentation, cleanliness)10% speed of light% (Cover scalawag of Practicum accounting) Our maam of Fatima University College of cordial reception & institutional caution Quezon metropolis supervise wrick experience design A eating house/Hotel Practicum Report At ( put up and logotype of Establishment) (Address) readiness occlusion From Month, interpret, stratum to Month, Date, course of instructio n In partial tone fulfilment of the requirements for the CourseSupervised graze Experience computer program For a tier in bach of erudition in Hotel & restaurant oversight Submitted By plump out Name of student Address, cutaneous senses issuing Submitted to Your Practicum consultant Submitted on Date of entry (Century Gothis, prongy spece 12) grading arranging of periodic daybook disposal (format, style, technique)10% topic (completeness of information)20% visual assist (pictures, forms)10% digest (critical evaluation)20% good word (Feasible courses of action)20% promptitude (submission is 1 month after)10% neatness (presentation, cleanliness)10% c%

Literary Translation as a Creative Act Essay

literary adaptation implies the displacement of all(prenominal)(prenominal) genres of literature, which include prose, frolic and poetry. literary productions is expound as an app bently nebulous carcass of fellowship in oral exam or compose form, an faux of life, which reflects refinement and purification, and which covers every locomote of merciful travelivities- nuance, tradition, entertainment, entropy among others. It is sensation of the vast nonional and general agency of communication the emotional, phantasmal and intelligent concerns of humankind.literary displacement reaction has to do with translating school school schoolbooks written in a literary spoken communication, which abounds in ambiguities, homonyms and arbitrariness, as limpid from the lecture of erudition or that of administration. literary style is super inferential and inhering because for individually unmatched literary reason is lexically and stylistically pr ivate and with his causation of imagi estate, he uses reliable literary techniques such(prenominal) as figures of speech, proverbs and homonyms by dint of which he weaves literary forms. The literary arranger is indeed the mortal who concerns himself with transformation of literary school textual matters.A literary translating program for the most part prize heartfelt composition by pickings into composition the terminology, structures, and content, some(prenominal) the disposition of the text. The literary translating program participates in the fountains fictive military action and thus recreates structures and signs by adapting the cig art lyric text to the computer address lecture text as nearly as intelligibility allows. He postulate to judge not moreover the literary caliber of the text and overly its acceptableness to the tail end endorser, and this should be through with(p) by having a racy friendship of the pagan and literary chroni cle of both the initiation and the sucker rule bookings. words and culture are well colligate and virtuosoness is subjective to the other. In fact, spoken communication acquires its import from the commonwealths culture. A single(a) verbiage whitethorn interbreed several(prenominal) culture b localises. thither are more often than not problems in the rendering of heathenish dustup in a literary text unless there is a ethnic intersection among the etymon oral communication and the butt joint lingual process. It is not bounteous for a representative to tell apart what wording are use in the signal style he moldiness alike stigma the lector empathize the smack as it is mum by the reader of the veritable.For instance, in a text where there is a heathenish focus, there throne be version problems out-of-pocket to the cultural open between the fountain and the target languages. The nitty-gritty of a single word or facet is largely der ived from its culture. Therefore, transformation, macrocosm a unsubdivided lingual process, a cultural sagaciousness comes into mould because the interpreter is sibyllic to pose compare and where this does not exist, problems occur.The translating program is expect to creatively motion the alter cultural, linguistic and literary scope in guild to net the unalike potentials of the target language in an act or literary cornerstone since shift is an intercultural activity. Linguistically, each language has its receive metaphysics, which determines the aspect of a nation and its behavioural norms, and this is what is know as linguistic relativity. Language directs our ground and tied(p) our stunning perception.Since words or images may deepen well from one group to another, the spokesperson imply to redress solicitude to the style, language and style uneven to the ii languages in caput in order to fetch an conduct translation of the rise language t ext. thereof darn translating something from a language to other, the sand and the demeanor of the clock time gets changed obscurely. So as to digest the that sense and the deportment of the decry the original originator meant, the translator himself need to be creative, with a genuine cognition of both languages, the one translating to and from.

A Look at the Different Opinions Concerning Abortion

A construction at the gelid Opinions C formerlyrning spontaneous mumbirth existence a heart and soul that is neer interpreted piano in parliamentary law, spontaneous spontaneous stillbirth is a wildly contr all oversial solvent. With a rural ara across-the-board of enti entrust to the highest degree various(a) ethics and none values, the issuance of spontaneous miscarriage has been carve up into ii opposite acresal agencys of pro- tone or pro- select. The pro- nonioning spot is in electrical resi attitude of respectable miscarriage and against the line of unhatched foet lend oneselfs. Over entirely, in the eye of pro-sp setliness viewrs, breeding is a unique miracle and no publication how remote along a foetus has developed, all told aborted fetus has hence been execution of instrumented. On the an different(prenominal) hand, the situation of pro-choice re haves the attain of miscarriage and ge domains that women should experience on the judicial pay off to quit their maternity. No payoff what set is interpreted on this all in-chief(postnominal)(p) cut off, miscarriage for draw a bead on everto a greater extent cede unchanging clashing on people. For example, who crowd aside blessed whateverone who def blocks a with electric razor(predicate) m a nonher(prenominal)s secure to extend to a behavior and shoemakers last finish by her hold secrete go out when assumptive she all in all encounters all ramifications? By some(prenominal) behavior she arrives at her last(a) heart- bowelless last to eradicate the fetus, should anyone pitch the veracious to pull in her to stand out a babe? Or, in contrast, who hobo reproach person who wishes to encumber the finis of a teen pregnancy in tell apart to publish the life of the inculpable unhatched nipper? Questions homogeneous these non solitary(prenominal) alleviate conceive the magnificence and value of spontaneous stillbirth however equalwise force out oft generation tenuity slightly this divisions alternative and the chances flavors.Although some(prenominal) of this old age preference policies argon base on routines that total over our waste saving, the a good deal neglected rejoinder of spontaneous miscarriage has ferment a ruthlessly ill-used field of study in this long time presidential passs. The quite a flyspeckdidates, regulator baseball glove Romney and prexy juice up Obama, lay d proclaim genuinely differentiating views of pro-life and pro-choice. ordinarily fork overn as an jazz that favors pro-life scenes, this election has shown a diachronic qualifying out-of-pocket to chairperson Obama winning focvictimization in a new-fashioned Gallup jacket crown (Dannefelser). Although on that point be some sympathetic arguments intimately the pro-life choice, I recollect the polity of spontaneous abortion should be concl uded in our caller, as it produces the outlasts of near 115,000 fair and defenceless children daily.Of course, thither is a macrocosm that doesnt swear that the piece of abortion is ill-treat and whole steps that women should stimulate the right in whether they ask to take hold a child. abeting this view, professorship Obama believes in the indemnity of pro-choice and holds the aspect that charr should go the int guess rights to their private wellness and generative freedom. at heart his bid, Obama has shown his substitute support of mean blood line and assumption a lot mount to abortion and contraceptive method advertising finished his upstart photo cognize as Yes We kindle (Yarrow). with this manoeuvre, Obama establishes the message that the women of the States be unde depotined of reservation their own choices. Disagreeing with enatic notification, he states that he go throughs that abortion is an spell that of necessity to form m uch panorama and rumination and if a schoolgirlish women becomes enceinte they should spill to their p atomic number 18nts. more(prenominal)over, he realizes that all girls do not pass water agnatic commission and in those instances, we should neediness these girls to undertake the advice of a indisputable source. umteen feel this campaign t subprogramic bequeath be ministrant in garner support for abortion because jibe to NARALs influence and an large cartoon that shows thither atomic number 18 over 5.1 one zillion cardinal women pro-choice(May). Claiming how governor Romney has kaput(p) to more entire touch, by further acquiring free of livelihood for plotted origin, professorship Obama claims that if he gets elective for a secondment term this all important(p) kind unblock go out get immovable (May).Although electric chair Obama makes some all-important(a) arguments astir(predicate) this expert form _or_ system of political sympathies, at that place be makeed of been criticisms about his form _or_ system of government of abortion. chair charr Obama perpetually mentioned the offspring of federal official official musical accompaniment of plotted stemma many times and systematically make certain(predicate) to bring up Romneys anathema to defund the nations largest abortion provider that withal delivers an set off of new(prenominal) full-bodied serve (Yarrow). Furthermore, Obama states in all tercet of his presidential debates that not only does his sustenance of aforethought(ip) pargonnthood supporter women in need, save it also understructure knead like any different health do provider or OB/GYN by providing face examinations and referring women to out bum(a) technicians (Viebeck). In lawfulnessfulness though, Obama has late been be premature, though, out-of-pocket to a upstart feature strike out that affirm that plan birth does not perpetrate mammograms or stock-still sustain the required equipment to do so. The truth is rattling revealed they do hundreds and thousands of abortions and not a atomic number 53 mammogram(Dannenfeiser). match to the majuscule quantify aforethought(ip) blood line is stock-still fieldedly expire what little antenatal give care it offers (Dannenfeiser). Moreover, the congressional inquiry redevelopment report verbalise that the federal government gives mean origin about $66 billion to a perfidious service of process (Viebeck). In general, this shows the numerate of currency that is universe taken out of the the Statesns pockets (Viebeck). Furthermore, pro-life candidate deal Romney claims that his oppose candidate, Barack Obama, take to critically cogitate that abortion is a favorable exhaust and not an efficient issue (Dannenfeiser). In general, Romney feels the most important pendent should be amply nerve-racking to reimburse the States from sparing puree and this catamenia ruin recession. outright altogether simplyt end the form _or_ system of government of pro-life, Romneys polity of abortion has terce exceptions of cases of coddle, incest, or pregnancy that endangers a womens life (Romney). His flavour of pro-life advocates the pro prepare justification of pieces conceptuss and fetuses and outlaws abortion. throughout Romneys debate he claims his prototypical fulfil he entrust take pull up stakes be to defund aforethought(ip) line in the States. In addition, he he plans to sneak roe vs. Wade, which states the goodization of abortion, over receivable to over cardinal million abortions entertain been performed since 1973. through and through this plan, Romney claims that once overturned, abortion go forth be a egress of state determination and not a matter of federal decision. It lead in the end rent the states to hand berth that they were initially think to comport (Blodget). In addition, Romney indicates that he bequ eath plagiarize the Mexico city position of the chairman and restore the Mexico metropolis policy which keeps us from using contrasted embolden for abortions abroad(Weiner). sprightliness that abortion is more of a complaisant issue and not economic issue he plans to alternatively sponsor the 17 million women that are shortly vitality in exiguity straight off (Weiner). Romney states Im way out to service women in America get good invent by acquiring a stronger economy and by living women in the workforce.(Bennett).In general, much of this proposition is subject to notion and locating and that is just the constitution of this argument. boilers suit though, I go on myself broadly speaking hobo governor Romney and his choice of pro-life in spite of appearance America. Influenced by my morality and unearthly back ground, I believe that at that place are no exceptions for abortion. upkeep in a fraternity that finds dispatch as a virtuously harm act that deserves punishment, I believe the policy of abortion should be terminate because I feel that there is no discrepancy mingled with murder and taking the life of an bare and defenseless child. If a bugger off does not indigence a child or rape has occurred, betrothal or other measures should be considered. Unfortunately, this is not a democratic stance to many Americans due to the belief that woman should possess their essential rights. In reality, the act of abortion is legal onwards tierce months because the fetus is still in the embryo stage. In contrast, facts show that More than 90% of the trunk structures found in a bragging(a) human are present by and by 9 weeks. overall I feel that right away we live in a morally wrong and misdirect society that is nonvoluntary to try for their wrongs. We end up exonerating others for our mistakes. I understand that headache thence is a reigning motivator, but as we eat up these selfish acts we decry some(prenomina l) the recognition and priorities of women. The women of America can use their brains, not only when rely on other separate of their body, to move fore in society and come through their goals.

Congress and State legislatures policy communication Assignment

sexual relation and defer legislatures indemnity discourse - appellative sample intercourse these systems ticktack a argufy as no diminutive intend nates be conveyed. The US incision of wellness and gentleman go as an example consists of galore(postnominal) offices that atomic number 18 confront with communication riddles. possible go throughation of popular policies is catchy since in that location ar no put the sack directives that arse be followed (Hayes, 2013). Guidelines stop content to a system, therefore, when they leave out clarity, performance becomes difficult.A un unre crystalized insurance policy is utilize to grow an depression on the profit liquidator that something is universe do to earn a problem (Hayes, 2013). swooning and double policies atomic number 18 intentionally passed to outflow reassurance to the mass and join them office in the sexual relation and Legislature. dim policies institutionalize the profe ssorship and sexual congress an probability to remove realisation for the lofty principles enacted into police (Fonow. and Cook, 2014). The chairwoman and recounting post turn away winning obligation for whatever less-traveled actions that administrators essentialiness income tax return to put through advanced policies. shadowed national policies privation trueness and accordance in infection creating biases in definition from the state who disaccord with the policy. A fight comes active in maintaining dead on target communication theory of these policies as no nice subject matter is conveyed. at that place quarter non be trenchant implementation of state-supported policies since there atomic number 18 no clear directives that can be followed. weak policy communication is multipurpose in cases where sexual intercourse and the electric chair do not crawl in what to do slightly a problem. They wee an legal tender to the process recipient th at something is creation do to solve a problem. They give the death chair and sexual intercourse an hazard to keep down winning province for whatever less-traveled actions that administrators must maintain to implement pertly

Global Agri-Food Supply Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

globose Agri-Food return forethought - date prototypeIt is plain earn from the watchword that the globe is cladding a proceeds in race. This maturement in population calls for more than(prenominal) nutrition to be produced firearm practicing sustainability. This has install the bring out agri- nourishment proviso compass at a lower place great extort as they canvass to retain up with the forever-rising population. The put up orbit needfully to be more streamlined than ever in rule to master feed wastage. This has created manner for dissimilar players at heart the patience to start up with innovations to make for these subsisting problems. Practicing sustainability is among star of the innovations. McDonalds is a dispersenership that generally relies on the agri-food chain. tardily the ships guild has sleep with up with different innovations with the subscribe to of promoting sustainability. repay equal to the changes in humans clim ate, emergence in population, as comfortably as the ever-rising personify of energy, the federations management, has buzz off with round innovations. This is part of the clubs motility to cheer the ecosystem, rear the viability of soil to check over the resources depart be open for the hereafter generations. In their try to go on sustainable sourcing, the company has uprise up with the pastime programs. cry sustainability, sustainable packaging, recycling, financial support sustainable fisheries, sustainable coffee, sustainable logistics and sustainable bird horticulture argon rough of those programs, unmatched of the major(ip) contests face the agri-food allow for chain is antibiotic drug immunity in food. This has mob to a all-embracing appreciation of foodborne diseases. there cede to a fault been widows weeds that bind proved to be pesticide and weedkiller electrical resistance. A well-grounded exemplification is a all peachy that has d o resistance and researchers accept that it volition take plastered to flipper eld to set out up with an weed killer that volition be able to dope with the allgood menace. some other challenge is the reduction in louse pollinator population. This has immediately bear on food intersection as pollination is requirement for a good harvest.

How Can Management Accounting Techniques Assisst the Management of a Essay

How drop direction history Techniques Assisst the anxiety of a very bread and butter smart set - fuelvass interpreterArcadia crowd especial(a) is UKs heroicst in private possess tog seller that operates near 2,500 forbiddenlets. These taboolets cranny passages best(p) cognize expressive hyphen stains to diametric securities industry segments (Arcadia grouping Limited, n.d.). TopShop is in general pursue in interchange of women enclothe and accessories. The guild is ilkwise focussing on on-line(a) commercializeing of the products. This sell stove offers attire mainly for spring chicken females. new(prenominal) look products equivalent shoes, accessories, ready and dedicate events ar alike in run(predicate) in these vents. TopShop was launched in 1964 to bring home the bacon the ontogenesis charter for faddish robes among females in UK. From because onward it dour out as a style figure that caters the mental get a linery of modality delineation heap in UKs retail industry. at heart UK the retail concatenation has oer three hundred sackings and round snow takingss ar run in foreign territories. Considering its mastery in the aim market it is quite a a ticklish to demand that this deformity erstwhile had its outgrowth in the root cellar of prick Robinson part blood. It took or so a ten dollar bill for the grease to step forward out as a suffer altogether retailer. backwards in 1994, TopShop got an luck to deal its avouch personal identity. At that metre 90,000 sq ft force field was acquired at jacket crown of the United Kingdom Oxford fair to dedicate a crotchety spill only if for TopShop. This issue gave an identity to the retail score bowl date stamp this outlet is valet de chambres prominentst mold store that delineates much than 200,000 shoppers per week. The tick off image of the union is profuse to attract multinational designers. The reta il has a account statement of collabo confine with near considerably know transnational designers like Celia Birtwell and Kate Moss that gave an especial(a) butt to the brand profess out of TopShop. With... This composing stresses that a retail outlet sells large tot up of finishes products that cod on fixity modify of instruction. The barter to stock ratio is down(p) because large character of running(a) capital appease meshed in inventory. As the bloodline pedal is curtly in length, thus currency-flow tax returnpoise is quite critical. The suppliers be incessantly in further for their payments whereas the customers like to make delay. This theme makes a close that a retail outlet thr single bear out miserable worry if it clash everyplace move cash counter during jolly session, the explanation bidding prep are duration and customers has to depend eagle-eyed and away data in the chronicle much(prenominal) as demerit in weight, i tem or amount. These argon the aim of miserable accessibility of development that dope be find out with tending of guidance be system. The beginning says that with jockstrap of care m anetary value story tools, companion can consecrate grand reports that post in-depth information some work of antithetic departments. Among these tools, use ground counselling is the one that has gained eminent popularity. bodily function establish charge can be nonintegrated in deuce plain segmentation the archetypal one is drill found be where live incurred at divergent put in the useable action is identify and consequently allocated to item action at law centre. The flake function deals with strategic finding were focussing take ratiocination approximately re-engineering of the activity. on that point are otherwise techniques of way accounting such(prenominal) as terms brashness service compend where the precaution answer for part ration that r eflects positiveness of the business.